Ngo-10 BC, umakhi wamandulo waseRoma uVitruvius wachaza umatshini wokuphakamisa kwincwadana yakhe yokwakha.Lo matshini unemasti, umphezulu wemasti uxhotyiswe ngepuli, indawo yemasti igxininiswe ngentambo yokutsala, kwaye intambo edlula kwipuli itsalwa ngewintshi ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima.
Ngenkulungwane ye-15, i-Italiya yenza i-jib crane ukusombulula le ngxaki.I-crane ine-cantilever ethambekele kunye ne-pulley phezulu kwengalo, enokuthi iphakanyiswe kwaye ijikelezwe.
Embindini nasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18, emva kokuba i-watt iphuculwe kwaye yenze i-injini yomphunga, wabonelela ngeemeko zamandla zokunyusa oomatshini.Ngowe-1805, injineli yaseGlen uLenny wakha ibhetshi yokuqala yeekhreyini zomphunga kwizibuko laseLondon.Ngo-1846, u-Armstrong waseNgilani watshintsha i-crane yomphunga kwidokhi yaseNewcastle yaba yi-hydraulic crane.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, iikhreyini zenqaba zazisetyenziswa eYurophu.
I-crane ikakhulu ibandakanya indlela yokunyusa, indlela yokusebenza, i-luffing mechanism, i-slewing mechanism kunye nesakhiwo sentsimbi.Indlela yokuphakamisa yeyona ndlela isisiseko yokusebenza kwekhrane, eyona iquka inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa kunye ne-winch, kunye nokuphakamisa izinto ezinzima nge-hydraulic system.
Indlela yokusebenza isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa izinto ezinzima ngokude kwaye ngokuthe tye okanye ukulungelelanisa indawo yokusebenza ye-crane.Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngemoto, isinciphisi, ibhuleki kunye nevili.Isixhobo sokuthambisa sixhotyiswe kuphela kwi-jib crane.I-amplitude iyancipha xa i-jib iphakanyisiwe kwaye iyanda xa iyancipha.Yahlulwe ibe yi-luffing elungeleleneyo kunye ne-luffing engalungelelananga.Indlela yokubulala isetyenziselwa ukujikeleza i-boom kwaye yenziwe ngesixhobo sokuqhuba kunye nesixhobo sokuthwala.Isakhiwo sesinyithi sisikhokelo se-crane.Iinxalenye eziphambili zokuthwala ezifana nebhuloho, i-boom kunye ne-gantry ingaba yibhokisi yebhokisi, isakhiwo se-truss okanye isakhiwo sewebhu, kwaye abanye bangasebenzisa intsimbi yecandelo njengentsimbi exhasayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-30-2021